Thanks for sharing your thoughts Filipe.
Some points I see differently than you. I don't suport PM and PO differentiation, I encourage end to end responsibility. In best cases, Product Manager is the Product Owner. By end to end responsibility I mean discovery, and delivery.
Regarding the plan. I don't see this as helpful. The plan should be simple, delivery business outcomes by solving problems customers care about. Teams should have the direction on what to achieve and empowerment on how to reach that.
The silo effect after becoming self-managing can be because teams are unused to work in this format. Therefore, comes the importance of experienced leader of Agile Coach to help teams benefit from collaboration.
Last but not least, even with internal products, you can apply solid product management practices and avoid the feature factory.